在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的
1.賓語從句的連接詞
從屬連詞
連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.
that引導表示陳述句的賓語從句,而if和whether引導表示“是否”的賓語從句.
He told that he would go to the college the next year
他告訴我他下壹年上大學.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否還會有公交車.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
沒人知道他是否會通過考試.
連接代詞
連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.
連接代詞壹般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
妳知道誰贏了這壹局紅警遊戲嗎?
I don’t know whom you should depend on.
我不知道妳該依靠誰.
The book will show you what the best CEOs know.
這本書會告訴妳最好的執行總裁該了解些什麽.
連接副詞
連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他沒有告訴我什麽時候我們能再見面.
Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?
妳能展示給我怎麽用這個新的操作盤嗎?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪裏買到.
2.動詞的賓語從句
大多數動詞都可以帶賓語從句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我們都預料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯.
He told us that they would help us through the whole work.
他告訴我們在整個工作中,他都會幫忙的.
部分“動詞+副詞”結構也可以帶賓語從句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我發現這場音樂會的所有票都買光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?
妳能計算出這次旅行我們將花費多少錢嗎?
動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句
常見的這些詞有:
make sure確保 make up one’s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯誤.
可運用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句
①動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等後面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句後置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.
②有些動詞帶賓語從句時尋要在賓語與從句前加it
這類動詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.
I take it that you will agree with us.
我們認為妳會同意我們的.
3.介詞的賓語從句
用wh-類的介詞賓語從句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
這本新書是關於神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升如太空的.
用that,if引導的介詞賓語從句
有時候except,but,besides三個介詞後可見到that引導的賓語從句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
對於我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在壹家公司上班,其他壹無所知.
4.形容詞的賓語從句
常用來引導賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我確信我會通過考試.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我這麽長時間在打擾妳.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高興在他生病的時候李明能去看望他.
中考對賓語從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個方面：
1. 引導賓語從句的連詞和代詞選擇；
2. 賓語從句的語序；
3. 賓語從句的時態。
考查的主要形式是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達肯定也要用到賓語從句。
壹. 賓語從句的種類
賓語從句是壹種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或
形容詞的賓語。根據引導賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。
1. 由that引導的賓語從句。That只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語
和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二. 賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應為陳述句的語序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
三. 賓語從句的時態
1. 如果主句的時態是壹般現在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態就用什麼時態。
如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時態是壹般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態（壹般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態常用壹般現在時。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
中考對賓語從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個方面：
1. 引導賓語從句的連詞和代詞選擇；
2. 賓語從句的語序；
3. 賓語從句的時態。
考查的主要形式是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達肯定也要用到賓語從句。
壹. 賓語從句的種類
賓語從句是壹種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或
形容詞的賓語。根據引導賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。
1. 由that引導的賓語從句。That只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，在口語
和非正式文體中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二. 賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應為陳述句的語序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
三. 賓語從句的時態
1. 如果主句的時態是壹般現在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態就用什麼時態。
如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時態是壹般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態（壹般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態常用壹般現在時。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
中考範例
1. (2004年北京市中考試題)
Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
解析答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態。賓語從句應用陳述句的語序和時態，所以應選D。
2. (2004年上海市徐匯區中考試題)
Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
解析答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態。主句用的實際上是現在時，賓語從句在這個句子裏應用陳述句的語序和壹般過去時。
3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題)
I don’t know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
解析答案：B。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態。只有B在語序和時態上符合要求。
4. (2004年常州市中考試題)
---We don’t know _____________.
---It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
解析答案: C。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序。按照他們談論的話題可知：他們說的是某人是哪裏人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語序不對，只有C正確。
滿分演練
壹. 單項填空
1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday?
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
2. I want to know_________.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam?
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
4. Jim doesn’t understand ____________.
A. which is the way to the museum
B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum
D. why does she always go shopping
5. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for?
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
6. Mr. King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home
B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home
D. when his son came home
7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning?
A. how does he mend B. how he mends
C. how he mended D. how did he mend
8. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?
---Usually it comes by 4: 00.
A. how B. where C. when D. what
9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?
---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A. how we can get to the post office
B. how can we get to the post office
C. how get to the post office
D. how could we get to the post office
10. ---Can I help you?
---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there?
A. how soon will it B. how soon it will
C. how long it will D. how long will it
11. He wanted to know ___________.
A. whether he speaks at the meeting
B. when the meeting would start
C. what he’s going to do at the meeting
D. where would the meeting be held
12. ---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden?
---The day after tomorrow, I think.
A. when will you visit B. when you will visit
C. when would you visit D. when you would visit
13. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang?
A. what should we do B. we should do what
C. what we should do D. should we do what
14. You can’t imagine _________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
15. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.
A. that B. when C. where D. whether
16. ---Could you tell me ____________?
---Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.
A. what does he say at the meeting
B. what did he say at the meeting
C. what he says at the meeting
D. what he said at the meeting
17. ---Could you tell me _________ last night?
---Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home.
A. what you were doing B. what were you doing
C. what you are doing D. what are you doing
18. The teacher asked the students __________.
A. if they were interested in dinosaurs
B. when was Albert Einstein born
C. what they will do with the computers
D. how many trees they have planted
19. Every morning the patients are asked if ________ their temperature taken.
A. they had had B. have they had
C. they have had D. had they had
20. It’s up to you to decide _______ you’ll go there, by air or by road.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
二. 根據漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子
1. 李明說他對玩電腦遊戲感興趣。
Li Ming says _______ _______ interested in playing computer games.
2. 我認為瑪麗不回來了。
I don’t think Mary ______ ______.
3. 山姆給我說他準備去上海。
Sam told me that he _______ _______ for Shanghai.
4. 請妳告訴我去鐘樓怎麼走嗎？
Could you tell me _______ I can get to the Bell Tower?
5. 父親說他買了壹臺新電腦。
Father said that he ________ ________ a new computer..
6. 我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。
I want to know _________ there is a train to Beijing.
7. 妳知道壹個雙人間多少錢嗎？
Do you know ______ _______ a double room ______?
8. 請妳告訴我我們外出多長時間好嗎？
Could you tell me ______ ______ we’re going to be away?
9. 叔叔說他正在寫壹本新小說。
Uncle said that he ______ _______ a new novel.
10. 傑克說他有重要事情要做。
Jack said he _______ something important to do.
練習答案
壹. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A
二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if (whether) 7.how much 8.how long 9.was writing 10.had